Sigurnost u slučaju požara u domovima za starije i nemoćne

master's thesis

• Title (english): Safety in case of fire in care homes for the elderly
• Author: Ana Bartolić
• Mentor: Marija Jelčić Rukavina (mentor)
• Committee member: Ivan Gabrijel (predsjednik povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Marija Jelčić Rukavina (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Bojan Milovanović (član povjerenstva)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; Faculty of Civil Engineering; Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2022-09-29, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: TECHNICAL SCIENCES; Civil Engineering

Abstract

Starije osobe su rizična skupina kada je u pitanju sigurnost u slučaju od požara zbog poteškoća u kretanju ali i senzornoj percepciji uvjeta okoline. Zbog toga se u domovima za starije i nemoćne zahtijevaju posebne mjere zaštite od požara, gdje je pristup projektiranju najčešće preskriptivan, tj. zadovoljenje niz unaprijed zadanih zahtjeva i pravila koji ne uzimaju u obzir specifičnost arhitektonskog oblikovanja zgrade niti specifičnosti njenih korisnika. Nasuprot spomenutom pristupu, inženjerski pristup, koji uzima u obzir spomenute specifičnosti, pokazuje realniju sliku potrebnih mjera zaštite od požara. U ovom radu, na konkretnom primjeru zgrade za starije i nemoćne analizirane su potrebne aktivne i pasivne mjere zaštite od požara prema američkoj smjernici NFPA. Nadalje, analizirana je mogućnost evakuacije u slučaju požara korištenjem modela evakuacije temeljenog na inženjerskom pristupu a uzimajući u obzir korisnike zgrade s poteškoćama u kretanju. Temeljem dobivenih rezultata vremena evakuacije pokazano je da u ovakvim tipovima zgrada, zadovoljenje preskriptivnih pravila nije dovoljno za sigurnu evakuaciju i posljedično zadovoljenje drugog temeljnog zahtjeva za građevinu.

Abstract (english)

Elderly people are a risk group when it comes to fire safety because they have mobility limitations and sensory perception of environmental conditions. For this reason, special fire safety measures are required in homes for the elderly people, and the design approach is usually prescriptive, i.e., meeting a set of predetermined requirements and rules that do not take into account the specifics of the building's architectural design or the characteristics of its occupants. In contrast, the engineering approach, which takes into account the aforementioned specifics, provides a more realistic requirements of fire protection measures. In this paper, the necessary fire protection measures according to the American NFPA code were analyzed using the specific example of a building for elderly people. In addition, the possibility of evacuation in case of fire was analyzed using an evacuation model based on an engineering approach considering users of the building with mobility limitations. Based on the obtained results, it was shown that in this type of buildings, the fulfillment of the prescribed rules for the safe evacuation and thus the fulfillment of the second basic requirement for the building is not sufficient.

• Keywords: Dom za starije i nemoćne; požar; aktivne i pasivne mjere zaštite od požara; evakuacija; vrijeme evakuacije.
• Keywords (english): Home for the elderly and infirm; fire; active and passive fire protection measures; evacuation; evacuation time.
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:237:644420
• Study programme: Title: Civil Engineering; specializations in: Construction Management, Transportation Engineering, Geotechnical Engineering, Hydraulic Engineering, Structural Engineering, Construction Materials, Theory and Modeling of Structures; Course: Construction Management; Study programme type: university; Study level: graduate; Academic / professional title: magistar/magistra inženjer/inženjerka građevinarstva (magistar/magistra inženjer/inženjerka građevinarstva)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Closed access
• Created on: 2023-01-30 09:04:29