Analiza evakuacije putničkog zrakoplova na zračnoj luci temeljena na probabilističkom pristupu

master's thesis

• Title (english): Analysis of passenger aircraft evacuation at the airport based on a probabilistic approach
• Author: Tomislav Ščapec
• Mentor: Marija Jelčić Rukavina (mentor)
• Committee member: Ana Baričević (predsjednik povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Marija Jelčić Rukavina (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Marijana Serdar (član povjerenstva)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; Faculty of Civil Engineering; Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2020-09-24, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: TECHNICAL SCIENCES; Civil Engineering

Abstract

Sigurnost u slučaju požara jedan je od temeljnih zahtjeva za građevinu, a sigurnost ljudi koji su ugroženi požarom je stavljena na prvo mjesto. Požar i požarni produkti kao što su dim, otrovni plinovi te plamen u vremenu od nekoliko minuta mogu ugroziti ljudske živote pa je potrebno predvidjeti adekvatnu i pravovremenu evakuaciju te eliminirati sve potencijalne učinke koji bi mogli smanjiti učinkovitost iste. Osnovni cilj ovog rada je analiza vremena potpune evakuacije zrakoplova u mirovanju spojenog na aviomost za vrijeme požara kod točenja goriva koja je provedena u računalnom programu „Pathfinder“. Za potrebe rada koristi se aviomost zagrebačke zračne luke Franjo Tuđman i karakteristični zrakoplov Airbus A320. Zbog karakteristika goriva i požara nastalog izlijevanjem goriva u zrakoplovu se ne mogu koristiti svi evakuacijski izlazi pa se evakuacija mora provoditi preko aviomosta sve dok se putnici ne udalje na sigurnu udaljenost od mjesta nastanka požara. Rastom svjetskog broja putnika u avioprometu porasla je i potražnja za većim brojem sjedala u kabini što je rezultiralo smanjenjem prostora za kretanje. Stoga se postavlja pitanje je li sigurnost putnika u takvom okruženju za vrijeme izbijanja požara zagarantirana. Rezultati dobiveni iz računalnog programa sugeriraju da je evakuacija putnika moguća u vremenu manjem od pet minuta, ako putnici odmah reagiraju na upozorenje izdano od strane avionskog osoblja i ako u potpunosti prate njihove upute. Bitno je napomenuti kako američki standard NFPA 415, prema kojem su projektirani aviomostovi zagrebačke zračne luke, definira minimalnu otpornost aviomosta na požar i prodor dima od pet minuta što sugerira da isti zadovoljavaju uvjete tog standarda. Ako putnici u bilo kojem trenutku ne slušaju upute nadležnog osoblja, vrijeme evakuacije znatno će se povećati.

Abstract (english)

Fire safety is one of the essential requirements for a building, and the safety of people that are affected by the fire is the priority. Fire and its products such as smoke, poisonous gases and flames threathen human lives in a matter of minutes therefore it is essential to predict an appropriate and timely evacuation and eliminate any potential factor that could decrese its effectiveness. The purpose of this paper is to analyse the time needed to evacuate a parked airplane connected to the airbridge while at the same time there is a fuel spill fire. The analysis is made in the software “Pathfinder”. For the purpose of this paper the airbridge on the airport “Franjo Tuđman” in Zagreb and the airplane Airbus A320 are considered. Because of the fuel characteristics and fuel spill fire characteristics not all emergency exits can be used and therefore the evacuation must go through the airbridge until people reach a safe distance from the fuel spill fire area. The increase in the number of passengers and the demand for a greater number of airplane seats has resulted in a decrease in available space in the cabin, therefore it raises a question, are the passengers in this environment during the evacuation safe. The results from the software suggest that the evacuation is possible in a time less than five minutes if the passengers respond immediately to the clueus that are given by the airplane staff and if they follow them strictly. It is also noteworthy to mention that the American standard NFPA 415 used to construct the airbridge at the Zagreb airport demands the minimum fire resistance and smoke resistance of five minutes which in turn means that those aribridges meet the requirements. If the passengers don’t follow the clues and instructions of the staff, the time of the evacuation increases considerably.

• Keywords: Evakuacija; avionsko gorivo; aviomost; NFPA 415; terminal; zrakoplov
• Keywords (english): Evacuation; jet fuel; airbridge; NFPA 415; terminal; airplane
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:237:023242
• Study programme: Title: Civil Engineering; specializations in: Construction Management, Transportation Engineering, Geotechnical Engineering, Hydraulic Engineering, Structural Engineering, Construction Materials, Theory and Modeling of Structures; Course: Construction Management; Study programme type: university; Study level: graduate; Academic / professional title: magistar/magistra inženjer/inženjerka građevinarstva (magistar/magistra inženjer/inženjerka građevinarstva)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Closed access
• Created on: 2023-06-05 10:45:06